Robert Dale Owen’s Law of Descents

Robert Dale Owen was the son of New Harmony founder, Robert Owen. A well-known Hoosier, the younger Owen had a long career as a politician and social reformer. He served in the Indiana House of Representatives from 1835 to 1838 and 1851 to 1853, as a member of the 1851 Indiana Constitutional Convention and as member of the United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1847. Additionally, Owen served as U.S. charge d’affaires and minister to Naples, Italy from 1853 to 1858.

He was a champion of women’s rights, particularly regarding property, divorce and suffrage. In working toward women’s suffrage, Owen fought for women’s right to property as part of the 1851 Indiana Constitution, but it was rejected by the convention. In his subsequent term in the Indiana House, he authored Indiana’s revised Law of Descents, giving widows the right to own property.

Pictured is a handwritten copy of Indiana’s Law of Descents by author Robert Dale Owen.

This legislation drastically changed the apportionment of estates in Indiana. The law of descents was meant to provide a will when the deceased has not created one themselves. In a speech published Dec. 20, 1851 by the Daily State Sentinel, he explains that the law’s original intention was to build up and maintain male wealth.[1] Before 1852 in Indiana, if a man died without children and his parents were also deceased, the majority rights to his property would go to any other blood relative before his wife. A widow was allowed to remain a tenant on her deceased husband’s property, but not to be the primary owner. Despite this lack of ownership, the widow would be compelled to pay her portion of taxes levied on that property and maintain its upkeep. If the marriage resulted in children, they would receive full rights to the property. Owen argued that most men in the state left humble estates and passing that income and/or real estate to other relatives doomed many widows to poverty. He also believed that proprietors were better for society as stewards of their land rather than tenants. Owen’s new law, passed on May 14, 1852, divides the property between widow and child. The revision excluded anyone other than the husband’s parents from inheritance and the widow would receive the majority. He saw this revised law as a resounding victory for justice.

He also outlines some of his views on women in a lengthy letter to the publisher of The Atlantic on Aug. 25, 1872 in which he also pitches himself, his writing and experience. He states, “I do not think moral and spiritual progress will keep pace with physical and material until women have a chance of influence in public affairs.”

This blog post was written by Rare Books and Manuscripts librarian Lauren Patton.

[1] Owen, Robert Dale. “Law of Descent.” Daily State Sentinel (Indianapolis, IN), Dec. 20, 1851.

Discover the wonders of the Indiana State Library

Have you ever wondered what treasures lie within the walls of the Indiana State Library? From interactive tours to diving deep into the state’s rich history, there’s something for everyone. Here’s a list of activities that will make your visit both fun and enlightening:

Clifford The Big Red Dog’s house

Families with young children will love visiting Clifford The Big Red Dog’s house in our Indiana Young Readers Center. It’s a delightful spot for kids to engage with their favorite storybook character. Did you know that Clifford the Big Red Dog’s adventures started right here in Indiana? Norman Bridwell, the creative genius behind this iconic tale, hailed from Kokomo.

Trace your ancestry
Are you interested in genealogy? Our Genealogy Division offers resources to help you trace your family tree and discover your ancestry. Who knows what you might discover about your past! If you’re new to genealogy or just starting out, don’t worry – we have you covered with our comprehensive genealogy FAQs.

Image credit: Map Collection, Indiana Division, Indiana State Library.

Learn about Indiana history
Dive into the rich history of Indiana with our extensive collection of historical documents, photographs and maps. Whether you’re a history buff or a curious mind, there’s plenty to explore. One of my favorite things to do is browse our online digital collection or search Hoosier State Chronicles, which contains 186,601 newspaper issues comprising 1,589,638 pages and 619,771 articles!

Explore maps, rare books, manuscripts and exhibits

Our library boasts an impressive collection of maps, rare books, manuscripts and rotating exhibits. Each visit can reveal new and intriguing finds. This year, to celebrate our bicentennial, a significant portion of our exhibit space will be dedicated to showcasing items from our collection. Don’t forget to check out our virtual exhibits online from the comfort of your home!

Learn about our State Data Center

Discover a wealth of information available at our State Data Center. It’s the perfect place for researchers and anyone looking to delve into data and statistics about Indiana. One of our State Data Center Director’s favorite resources is the original volumes of each U.S. Census return, located on the second floor of the library. These allow you to look at the original censuses from 1790 through 1870 and cover the entire United States. Indiana is covered starting in the 1810 volume (Indiana Territory).

Don’t forget to check out the DataPoint Newsletter, created for Indiana Data Users and subscribe for the latest Indiana Data news and lore, plus learn about professional development opportunities for data and GIS professionals.

Visit the Indiana Historical Bureau
Stop by the Indiana Historical Bureau, located inside the Indiana State Library, to learn about the Indiana Historical Marker Program and how it commemorates significant historical sites throughout the state. This year, some of the markers they will be dedicating include William P. Jungclaus, Riley Hospital for Children, Bess Sheehan and the Piankashaw Tribe. Don’t forget to check out their podcast Talking Hoosier History and their blog Untold Indiana.

Attend programs and conferences
We host a variety of programs and conferences throughout the year. From author talks to educational workshops, there’s always something interesting happening at the library. Check out our library calendar to see our upcoming events.

Whether you’re a student, researcher or just someone with a thirst for knowledge, the Indiana State Library has something to offer. Your Indiana State Library is free and open to the public, so plan your visit today and discover the many wonders waiting for you!

This blog post was submitted by Michelle Sharp, collections and outreach manager at the Indiana State Library.

Summer reading 2025: Color Our World!

During the summer of 2025, many public libraries across Indiana will explore all aspects of the arts through the summer reading theme “Color Our World.” This national theme, selected by the Collaborative Summer Library Program, will encourage library patrons to celebrate summer through painting, drawing, music, textile arts, theater, writing, storytelling, photography and more! If you work at a library, I’ve compiled some helpful resources to assist you with planning.

Webinar: In January of 2025, I offered a webinar that highlights the 2025 “Color Our World” program and shares a variety of resources that should help you with program planning. You can view the webinar here.

Resource website: The resources shared during the above webinar can be found on Indiana State Library’s website.

Program ideas: Library staff are always seeking new and exciting ways to offer programming for their community members, so I collected program ideas from library staff who attend my in-person summer reading workshops (these workshops take place around the state in December and January ever year) and posted them under “Summer Program Ideas for Current Year” on the State Library’s website. You can also view program ideas from past years here. Of course, you can use most of these ideas year-round!  I recommend bookmarking them in your browser for quick access.

Collaborative Summer Library Program website and manual: The CSLP Online Manual is a treasure trove of summer planning resources and program ideas, so don’t forget to browse through it! To access the manual, go to www.cslpreads.org, then to “Manual Downloads,” and select “2025 Color Our World.” You’ll be prompted to enter the manual code, and once you do, you’ll have access to the artwork and manual! The online manual code was sent to directors via email in October of 2024, but Indiana public library staff may also request the code through this form through May 30, 2025.

Collaborative Summer Library Program Summer Symposium: The CSLP Summer Symposium is a national, virtual and free mini-conference that takes place in December. This year’s symposium featured a keynote from Mychal Threets and sessions on marketing summer, process art and sustainability. The recordings from the fourth annual symposium are available to watch and are eligible for one LEU per one hour session. View them here.

Summer 2025 should be a colorful celebration of the arts in our communities. I wish you all “happy planning!”

This blog post was submitted by Beth Yates, children’s consultant at the Indiana State Library.

Love lives in the library: Newspaper databases for finding love on the record

Although Valentine’s Day has come and gone, love is always in the air when you’re a genealogist. Either that, or I’m looking for an excuse to feature some lovely marriage and anniversary announcements from a recent historic newspaper search.

Marriage records are the most frequently requested items in the Genealogy Division, but they typically only include basic information, like the couple’s names, date of marriage and name and title of the officiant. If you’re interested in learning more about an ancestor’s marriage, newspapers can include details you won’t find anywhere else. Through newspapers you can unearth specifics like what the bride and groom wore, what they ate and who was in the bridal party. A delightful example of this is the wedding of Christ Tsetse and Polixeni Gounaris, which was such a sensation there were numerous articles about the couple and their festivities. The Nov. 7, 1920 Fort Wayne Journal Gazette even includes a lovely photo of them in their wedding attire.

Fort Wayne News and Sentinel, Oct. 29, 1920.

Tsetse ran a bakeshop and grocery store on Graeter Street. He chose to wed Gounaris without meeting her after seeing a photograph sent from her mother, “…one glimpse at it was sufficient to convince him that she was just the girl for him.” Their civil ceremony took place right after she arrived in the U.S. at Ellis Island and was followed by a more traditional Greek Orthodox ceremony in Indiana. It’s easy to find yourself imagining you are a guest at this wedding when you read details like these, included in the Nov. 1, 1920 Fort Wayne News and Sentinel:

“It was a fantastic affair, beginning in the morning and continuing far into the night. The wedding guests assembled while a Romanian band played tunes so familiar in the old country and the jollification started when the bride entered and was escorted to a seat of honor at the front of the hall. Then the dancing began and it continued until almost noon when a Romanian priest arrived from Michigan to perform the ceremony. The services were concluded and next came the bridal banquet at which a gorgeous array of viands previously prepared in nearly every home in the Rolling Mills district was served to the guests. After the feast, the dancing and festivity broke out again with renewed enthusiasm, and the party continued for hours… Tsetse has furnished a home for his bride near his grocery on Graeter street.”

Tsetse and Gounaris had five children together and are buried side by side in the Lindenwood Cemetery in Fort Wayne.

Elaborate descriptions of what a bride and the bridal party wore on the wedding day were common for wedding announcements. On her wedding day the soon to be Mrs. Maria Vega wore, “a gown of white Chantilly lace, styled with a fitted bodice, a Peter Pan collar and a long satin train … Her fingertip veil fell softly from a beaded tiara and she carried a bouquet of stephanotis and dragon lilies.” The bridal party’s outfits were “trimmed with French lace peplums sprinkled with sequins … completed with the matching sprays of yellow and orchid gladiolus they wore in their hair and carried in bouquets.” The couple is pictured looking ahead, as if envisioning the bright future they will share together.

The Hammond Indiana Times, Aug. 31, 1949.

Although we imagine our ancestors having traditional or modest weddings, unconventional ceremonies aren’t exclusive to today’s couples. Donald E. Phelps and Margaret Reichenbach were flying high on their wedding day, literally! Newspapers reveal, “The ceremony will take place in a Fairchild cabin airplane over the Shockley airport in Kokomo, Ind.” The ceremony was infused with meaningful symbolism. Reichenbach is quoted, “We will make a four-leaf clover in the air. In each clover a vow will be made. Then after that two complete circles around the clover to bind the ceremony.” For most people in the 1930s riding in an airplane was considered an extraordinary and novel experience. This couple’s aerial wedding was likely a meaningful and memorable spectacle for family and friends.

South Bend Tribune, Sept. 4, 1930.

Indianapolis Star, July 13, 1915.

Long before the invention of the camcorder, Daniel M. Vandawalker Jr., assistant manager of a film company, and his bride, Lillian Kellison set trends by filming a motion picture of their wedding. Vandawalker is quoted accurately prophesizing, “Having motion pictures taken of the wedding was my own idea … for they will mean so much more than ‘still’ photographs. I think before long that it will become customary for motion pictures to be taken of weddings and other events, and families will have a valuable family history in pictures.”Mr. and Mrs. Vandawalker had two daughters and moved to California where Lillian was the owner of a confectionery store.

Indianapolis Recorder, Jan. 28, 1939.

Mr. and Mrs. Wager knew how to make a marriage last. The couple had been married for over 58 years when news of their anniversary was reported by the Indianapolis Recorder in 1939. The Wagners spent most of their lives in Indianapolis where they purchased land as early as 1885 and made it their home. They were such established citizens the street they lived on was named Wagner’s Lane, after the couple.

Indianapolis Journal, Sept. 3, 1885.

Baist Altas Plan 36, 1927.

According to Mrs. Wagner’s obituary, from the Dec. 8, 1955 Indianapolis News, she and her husband operated a dairy in the area. “She not only milked cows, she drove her own milk wagon to town and delivered milk.” Rev. Wagner was a pastor who helped organize Bethany Baptist Church.

Speaking of long lasting, the street named for them is still around, north of Raymond and west of Sherman. While their farm is no longer there, traces of them live on in the street which holds their name and the history of the area.

So, remember to include the library’s newspaper databases in your genealogy research. You never know, you may find your ancestor’s love story celebrated in print. Find these and the library’s other databases by clicking here.

This blog post is by Dagny Villegas, Genealogy Division librarian.

Meet your Indiana State Library interlibrary loan team

Have you ever wondered how books, CDs and DVDs get from library to library in Indiana? Your local public or academic library will place a request on your behalf for an item that your library or library system does not own. This request is processed through Indiana Share and coordinated at the Indiana State Library by a team that works in our Library Development Office.

Leigh Anne Johnson is the resource sharing coordinator for the Indiana State Library. She makes sure that InfoExpress, the library courier system, is running smoothly. She acts as a liaison between Now Courier, the company who runs the courier system, and 322 Indiana libraries to coordinate the best possible transit service. She also oversees the Indiana Share program and keeps statistics on InfoExpress, Indiana Share and INSPIRE, which is our statewide grouping of databases offered for free to Indiana residents.

Eric Altemus is a newcomer to the Indiana State Library, but is very experienced with using ILLiad, the interlibrary loan software that runs Indiana Share. He sends out roughly 250 Share requests daily. He also processes the spreadsheets of received and returned items, and renewal requests sent to us from borrowing libraries. He assists Leigh Anne with requests for InfoExpress canvas bags needed at libraries for transit. The team also cleans and maintains the transit bags as they come back in before they are put back into circulation.

The State Library also loans most of the general collection through Interlibrary loan requests. The staff in the Circulation Support Division pull the items and send them out through InfoExpress, which picks up and delivers items to the State Library every weekday. The State Library fulfills interlibrary loan requests for Indiana state employees for books and articles needed for work in their agencies. Those requests are processed by the circulation staff, as well. When the InfoExpress driver delivers and picks up materials at the State Library, the circulation desk is the location where the items are exchanged.

The ILL team strives to keep the system running smoothly, but if you do have issues with InfoExpress or Indiana Share, please contact us.

This blog post was written by Leigh Anne Johnson, resource sharing coordinator at the Indiana State Library.

Indiana State Library launches bicentennial website

In celebration of its 200th anniversary as a state agency, the Indiana State Library has announced a new bicentennial website. The website features important historical moments from the library’s past, in addition to the latest news and event information related to the celebration. The website can be viewed here.

Along with launching the website, the library has several activities and events planned for 2025. Throughout the year, the library will administer multiple trivia and escape room events, host a special bicentennial Lunch and Learn program, exhibit and display several items from its collections and screen a movie in October as part of a program featuring the Circle City Ghostbusters. A historical marker will also be dedicated on the grounds of the library this year.

Attendees in the Great Hall of the Indiana State Library during the Bicentennial Reception on Feb. 11.

On Dec. 6, 2024, a proclamation was issued declaring that day to be Indiana State Library Bicentennial Day. On Tuesday, Feb. 11, an invitation-only celebration took place at the Indiana State Library marking the anniversary of the day that the library became a state agency.

The library has also already published “Laying the Foundation,” a richly illustrated book featuring 100 items from the library’s vast and remarkable collection. Some of these items are currently on display in the State Library’s Exhibit Hall. “Laying the Foundation” is available for purchase now for $20 from the Nook Gift Shop on the first floor of the Indiana State Library, located at 315 W. Ohio St. in downtown Indianapolis. 

The yearlong Indiana State Library Bicentennial celebration is supported by the Indiana State Library Foundation.

This post was written by John Wekluk, communications director at the Indiana State Library.

What is the Internet Archive?

For the past 16 years, the Indiana State Library has had a very active digitization program between its Indiana, Genealogy and Manuscripts Divisions. The collection has grown to 32 individual collections, with each having sub-collections, and with all collections having a total of 337,093 items as of January 2025. In 2024, the Indiana Division alone added more than 700 items, consisting of more than 20,000 scans of materials from our digital collections. We added maps, newspapers and pamphlets from our county history collection. We also added state documents.

For the most part, we add materials to our digital collections management system, ContentDM. It was created by the Online Computer Library Center and is great for smaller items that are less than about 50 pages, such as maps, pamphlets, posters, photographs, etc. However, for larger books with heavy text, we use the Internet Archive, a digital content management system that is free and makes using these larger volumes far easier to use. It also offers better search capabilities than ContentDM.

The Internet Archive, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, has been building a digital library of Internet sites and other cultural artifacts online since 1996 with their “mission is to provide universal access to all knowledge.” They offer free access to researchers, students, historians, genealogists and the general public.

Here at the Indiana State Library, we use the Internet Archive for larger periodicals and materials more than 50 pages in length with lots of text. Why? Because they are far easier to use and search. Among our Internet Archive collection, you will find the Indiana Acts from 1817 to 1850, the House and Senate Journals, the documentary journals, a few county and civil war histories and a few periodicals. As of the writing of this blog, we have 327 items.

One great example is the Indiana Construction Recorder, a periodical published by the Society of Indiana Architects in the 1920s and early 1930s. They are great if you are trying to find out when a building was built during that time period. However, each volume is well over 1,000 pages and can be difficult to search when using the actual book. The Internet Archive does an awesome job of making them searchable. We scan the materials, create a pdf and upload it into the Internet Archive and they do the rest. They offer a great optical character recognition program that makes these 1,000+ page volumes easier to search, in turn making your luck greater in find out what you are seeking.

We are continually adding more materials, so be sure to check out the Indiana State Library’s Internet Archive Collection on a regular basis.

This post was written by Christopher Marshall, digital collections coordinator for the Indiana Division at the Indiana State Library.

‘If you weren’t there, you missed it:’ Jazz at Tomlinson Hall

While the 1920s are colloquially known as the “jazz age” due to its emergence in that decade as a shockingly new and unique form of music, jazz did not truly enter the popular culture mainstream until the 1930s. The days of small bands comprising around five musicians were gone and replaced with massive orchestras of over a dozen performers, often fronted by a charismatic bandleader. Jazz performers moved out of the small clubs and speakeasies they had occupied throughout the 1920s and into massive music halls to both accommodate a growing fanbase and to better showcase the loud music created by the multiple saxophones, trumpets and trombones of the large orchestras. The Big Band Era was in full swing.

If you were in Indianapolis and wanted to see the biggest names in jazz in the 1930s, you were probably going to make a pilgrimage to Tomlinson Hall. Located at the corner of Market and Delaware streets, right next to the City Market, Tomlinson Hall opened its doors in 1886. A massive building, it served many purposes for the people of Indianapolis and hosted everything from conventions and political rallies to boxing matches and music performances.

Postcards showing Tomlinson Hall. The image on the left shows its proximity to the City Market building. From the Postcard Collection (P071) Rare Books and Manuscripts Collection.

Tomlinson Hall was open to all and the African American community of Indianapolis frequently held events in the venue as it had a capacity of 4,000 which was significantly larger than the recently constructed Walker Theater on Indiana Avenue. While all were welcome at Tomlinson Hall, segregation still existed within its confines. Below are two ads for the same 1935 Duke Ellington performance. The ad on the left is from the Indianapolis Recorder, the city’s preeminent Black newspaper. The smaller ad on the right is from the Indianapolis News and includes the text “Dance for colored patrons only. Balcony reserved for white spectators.”

Indianapolis Recorder, July 20, 1935. Indianapolis News, July 26, 1935.

Other major acts to make appearances at Tomlinson Hall in this time period include Claude Hopkins (1936), Louis Armstrong (1937), Count Basie (1939), Fats Waller (1938) and Blanche Calloway (1936). Calloway was the older sister of popular singer and bandleader Cab Calloway. She was the first woman to lead an all-male orchestra.

Collection of ads from the Indianapolis Recorder, 1936-39.

Band leader and drum virtuoso Chick Webb and singer Ella Fitzgerald performed at the Hall in August of 1938. The Indianapolis Recorder published photos from the show and noted that Fitzgerald “literally made the mike dance” during her performance.

Indianapolis Recorder, Aug. 13, 1938.

Tomlinson Hall continued to serve as one of Indianapolis’s main entertainment venues until it was destroyed by a fire in 1958. An arch from the original structure was found during City Market renovations in the 1970s and has been erected in a plaza near where the Great Hall once stood.

The Indianapolis Recorder contains a wealth of information on the history of jazz in the city. A digitized archive of the newspaper from 1899-2005 is available through Hoosier State Chronicles here.

This blog post was written by Jocelyn Lewis, Catalog Division supervisor, Indiana State Library. For more information, contact the Indiana State Library at 317-232-3678 or “Ask-A-Librarian.”

Indiana State Library names ISL Bicentennial Research Fellow

Last year, in honor of the Indiana State Library’s then upcoming 200th anniversary, the Indiana State Library Bicentennial Committee, in conjunction with the Indiana State Library Foundation, established an ISL Bicentennial Research Fellowship to be awarded in 2025. Researchers and historians with a focus on Indiana history were encouraged to apply. The Bicentennial Research Fellowship Review Committee recently awarded the week-long research grant to Emiliano Aguilar.

Emiliano Aguilar is a political and labor historian of the United States, specifically the Latina/o Midwest. His manuscript-in-progress explores how the ethnic Mexican and Puerto Rican community of East Chicago, Indiana navigated machine politics in the 20th and 21st centuries to further their inclusion in municipal and union politics. His work has appeared in The Metropole, Belt Magazine, Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History, the Los Angeles Review of Books, Indiana Magazine of History and the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History. A native to East Chicago, he is a proud board member of the Calumet Heritage Partnership and now lives in South Bend, where he is an assistant professor of history at the University of Notre Dame.

“As a lifelong resident of Indiana, I’ve always had a love and appreciation for my roots in East Chicago and my years living in Hammond, Whiting and now South Bend. I appreciate the opportunity as an Indiana State Library Bicentennial Research Fellow to share the rich stories of the Calumet Region and the long history of our state’s Latino community,” said Aguilar.

The Indiana State Library looks forward to Aguilar’s stay at the library.

This post was written by Monique Howell, Indiana Collection supervisor.

Upcoming What’s Up Wednesday trainings to focus on AI

With the rise of artificial intelligence in our society, library staff may have concerns and questions surrounding AI and the best practices to apply when it comes to using AI. Did you know that the Professional Development Office at the Indiana State Library has four upcoming What’s Up Wednesday webinars that will focus on AI and how to incorporate AI in public libraries? Continuing education is an important part of a professional librarian’s success, and it is equally important that they are provided training and knowledge that will provide them tools for their success. Lacey Klemm, Northwest regional coordinator, and Meg Adams, Central regional coordinator, have partnered with professionals to deliver AI training to public libraries.

Below, you will find dates and information for the upcoming What’s Up Wednesday AI trainings and a link to a recently-completed AI webinar that took place on Jan. 29. Some of these webinars are still finalizing details, but stay tuned to the Indiana State Library’s LibCal events calendar to view the updated information as it becomes available.

July 30
“What’s Up Wednesday – Debunking and Understanding the Fears of AI”
This webinar will help debunk the fears surrounding AI, while providing how we currently use AI in our daily lives.

Stay tuned for more information and a registration link!

Presented by Dr. Treg Hopkins, national director of administration and leadership of Connectable Education.

Aug. 27
“What’s Up Wednesday – How to incorporate AI for Professional and Library Use”
Our presenter, Dr. Treg Hopkins, will teach librarians and staff how they can incorporate AI in their jobs and within their library.

Stay tuned for more information and a registration link!

Presented by Dr. Treg Hopkins, national director of administration and leadership of Connectable Education.

Sept. 10
“What’s Up Wednesday” – Dr. Treg Hopkins program
This program will share information on what types of AI could be beneficial for libraries to use, to serve and to provide for their communities.

Stay tuned for title and a registration link!

Presented by Dr. Treg Hopkins, national director of administration and leadership of Connectable Education.

Oct. 8
“What’s Up Wednesday – Creating Library Programming with AI”
This program will demonstrate how libraries can use AI capabilities to create library programming.

Stay tuned for more information and registration link!

Presented by Dr. Treg Hopkins, national director of administration and leadership of Connectable Education.

Additionally, on Jan. 29, the Indiana State Library presented “What’s Up Wednesday – Artificial Intelligence in Libraries.” Presenters Michael Acsbok and Nicaris Daniels-Porter discussed advances in artificial intelligence and how the coming decade could bring transformations comparable to those witnessed over the past century.

Click here to view the Indiana State Library’s LEU policies, including how to document LEUs for live and archived virtual conference sessions or webinars.

This post was submitted by Meg Adams, Central regional coordinator at the Indiana State Library.