Pictured is an example of an early U.S. passport, found in the Hasselman-Blood family papers (MSS L385). The first United States passports were issued during the American Revolution. Early American passports were modeled after the French passports at the time and looked much like this example from 1873. This style was used from 1789 until 1900. This passport is slightly larger than 11 x 17 inches. On the left side, it gives a physical description of the bearer including age, height, and facial features. There is a passport number, but no explicit expiration date given. This particular passport was issued to Watson J. Hasselman of Indianapolis. This passport also boasts a large State Department watermark. 

Although the State Department issued passports beginning in 1789, states and cities were also able to issue passports to citizens until 1856. Passports not issued by the State Department, however, were not often recognized by other nations. During this period, the United States did not require a passport to enter or exit the country, but that changed at the start of U.S. involvement in World War II. Passports were not standardized until after World War I. The booklet layout that people recognize today was introduced in 1926. 

Averbach, Scott, “The History of the US Passport,” Passport Info Guide, September 13, 2014, Accessed October 12, 2016, http://passportinfoguide.com/the-history-of-the-us-passport/.

Woodward, Richard B., “Book Review: The Passport in America,” The New York Times, September 22, 2010, Accessed October 12, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/26/travel/26armchair.html?_r=0.

As we recover from the crush and hubbub of this year’s Indiana State Fair (not to mention snarfing all those elephant ears and fried pickles), take a gander at a few gems from the fairs of the early 1930s in the Indiana State Library’s broadside collection.

The 1930 and 1931 Indiana State Fair broadsides (sheets of paper printed on one side, often mass-produced for wide dissemination, such as posters) were simple but vibrant, using only two colors in addition to black and very little text. The subjects, a rooster and a farmer with his scythe, demonstrate the original intent behind state fairs as primarily agricultural exhibitions.

But like the fairs nowadays, those of the early 20th century featured many of the traditional entertainment staples we have today: Ferris wheels, cotton candy, and contests. The fairs of old just did it on a smaller scale. (Those in the 1930s only lasted about a week. Inconceivable!) Here are two broadsides from 1931 and 1932, respectively, announcing specific activities at the fair—the horse show and racing.

The last broadside is from the Better Baby Contest at the 1930 state fair. While friendly competition is a longstanding tradition at all fairs, the Better Baby Contest at the Indiana State Fair, and others across the nation, represented something altogether more sinister. Between 1920 and 1932, white mothers entered their babies and toddlers in the contest, where the children were weighed, measured, and judged for mental and physical health using baby growth charts (which were later criticized as oversimplified and inaccurate). Those children rated the best were awarded ribbons and prizes, rather like livestock and baked goods. Although on the surface, the contest encouraged parents to take maternal health and early childhood development more seriously, in reality, the competition was fraught with the pseudo-science, racism, and ideology of the eugenics movement.

Now that I’ve thoroughly depressed you, let’s think back on all the fun we’ve had at the state fair over the past 17 days. This year’s highlights included:

• Riding the Tilt-A-Whirl to the point of nausea and (hopefully) no further;
• Cheering on 4-H barrel riders;
• Gawking at the World’s Largest Male Hog;
• Cooing over the fluffy rabbits and baby chicks;
• Inhaling a delicious sundae from Hook’s Drug Store;
• Gazing at glowing hot-air balloons sailing the night sky;
• Learning something new about Indiana history on the Indiana Bicentennial Train; and
• Bidding farewell to the fair— until next year!

All these broadsides and more are publicly available online. This collection and many others continue to grow, so be sure to check back from time to time to see the newest additions to the ISL Digital Collections, found at http://digitalcollections.library.in.gov.

This blog post was written by Rare Books and Manuscripts Librarian Brittany Kropf. For more information, contact the Rare Books and Manuscripts Division at (317) 232-3671 or “Ask-A-Librarian” at http://www.in.gov/library/ask.htm.

Did you know the Indiana State Library is sending birthday cards to 4^th graders? We’re asking students from around the state to decorate special, acid-free cards while briefly explaining “Why do you love Indiana?” and “What does being a Hoosier mean to you?” Our goal is to preserve 10,000 cards for future generations. 

To complete our collection, we need participants from the following counties:  

Randolph
Wabash 

We hope you’re willing to take part in this historic project celebrating Indiana’s 200^th birthday. If you’d like to participate, please contact Rare Books and Manuscripts Supervisor, Bethany Fiechter, at bfiechter@library.in.gov or (317) 234-8621.

Fourth grade students from around the state are being asked to decorate special, acid-free birthday cards supplied by the library while briefly explaining “Why do you love Indiana?” and “What does being a Hoosier mean to you?” Over the last few months, Rare Books and Manuscripts staff have contacted over 150 educators and parents.

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“It’s been a wild ride” says Bethany Fiechter, Rare Books and Manuscripts Supervisor. “We’ve made new connections between our library, public libraries and schools throughout the state. The student’s thoughtfulness and creativity shines through their work. It continues to be a rewarding experience for us all.” At the end of the project, the State Library’s collection will include a total of 10,000 cards with all 92 counties represented. Laura Eliason, Rare Books and Manuscripts Program Coordinator, has enjoyed seeing cards trickle in, including those from homeschooled children.

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Lauren Patton, Rare Books and Manuscripts Librarian, is “looking forward to seeing what students all over the state will come up with to express their love for Indiana. It’s neat for kids to know their artwork will be saved in the library forever.” Brittany Kropf, Rare Books and Manuscripts Librarian, explains “during Indiana’s tricentennial, researchers and students will have a glimpse into the minds and hearts of Hoosier children of today. We’re making history and that’s pretty cool!”

Fiechter mentions “think of this project as a time capsule – a wonderful collection of children’s perspectives that will be stored for generations to discover in the future.”

Is your county participating?

If your county is listed below, please contact a regional coordinator from the map below or Rare Books and Manuscripts Supervisor, Bethany Fiechter, at bfiechter@library.IN.gov or 317-234-8621.

Indiana State Library / Manuscripts Bicentennial Regional Coverage Map (pdf)